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Related Experiment Videos

Ulnar intrinsic anatomy and dysfunction.

Paul C Dell1, Christopher R Sforzo

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, University of Florida Medical Center, Gainesville 32611-2727, USA. paul@ortho.ufl.edu

Journal of Hand Therapy : Official Journal of the American Society of Hand Therapists
|May 14, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Ulnar nerve palsy impairs hand function due to intrinsic muscle dysfunction, affecting grip strength and causing deformities. Understanding anatomy aids in diagnosing and surgically treating ulnar nerve lesions.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurology
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Normal hand function relies on the balance between extrinsic and intrinsic hand muscles.
  • Intrinsic muscles contribute significantly to grip strength, despite their small individual size.
  • Dysfunction of intrinsic muscles leads to impaired grip, pinch strength, and characteristic deformities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the anatomy of intrinsic hand muscles and their role in ulnar nerve palsy.
  • To differentiate between high and low ulnar nerve palsy based on affected muscles.
  • To provide a contemporary perspective on diagnosing and managing ulnar nerve palsy, referencing classic work.

Main Methods:

  • Review of anatomical structures and innervation patterns of the hand.

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  • Clinical description of symptoms associated with low and high ulnar nerve palsy.
  • Discussion of diagnostic approaches and surgical considerations.

    • Main Results:

    • Low ulnar nerve palsy results in sensory loss, digital clawing, thumb deformity, and abnormal finger motion.
    • High ulnar nerve palsy includes symptoms of low palsy plus paralysis of ulnar-innervated extrinsic muscles (flexor digitorum profundus, flexor carpi ulnaris).
    • Accurate anatomical understanding is crucial for localizing the nerve lesion.

    Conclusions:

    • Intrinsic muscle function is vital for hand strength and dexterity.
    • Specific patterns of weakness and deformity help identify the level of ulnar nerve injury.
    • This review synthesizes classic knowledge with current clinical perspectives for effective management of ulnar nerve palsy.