Serum paraoxonase activity in dairy cows during pregnancy

Preparturient dairy cows are at high risk of metabolic and reproductive disorders and oxidative stress is considered to be involved in these events. We investigated the serum paraoxonase activity in dairy cows during pregnancy and alterations in lipid and lipoprotein patterns in this period. The relation between paraoxonase activity and HDL-cholesterol concentration was also compared. The study was carried out on 76 pregnant lactating and 26 pregnant dry Holstein dairy cows. The serum paraoxonase activity was determined by the method of hydrolysing of paraoxon, while triglyceride, cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentrations were measured by the enzymatic kit methods. A significantly higher serum triglyceride concentration (P<0.001) was observed in dry cows compared to lactating cows. The total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower (P<0.001) in dry cows than in lactating ones. In dry cows, paraoxonase activity was significantly lower than in those lactating (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in paraoxonase/HDL-cholesterol ratio between the investigated groups. It seems that the lower HDL concentration could be one of the causes of reduced paraoxonase activity considering the role of HDL as a carrier of most paraoxonase molecules in the blood. A decreased serum paraoxonase activity could diminish the effectiveness and total capacity of the whole antioxidative system during prepartum period in dairy cattle.