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A systematic evaluation of food textures to decrease packing and increase oral intake in children with pediatric

Meeta R Patel1, Cathleen C Piazza, Stacy A Layer

  • 1Marcus and Kennedy Krieger Institute, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
|May 19, 2005
PubMed
Summary

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Children with feeding difficulties often pack food. Lowering food texture improved caloric intake and weight gain in these children, suggesting texture modification is key for growth.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Feeding Disorders
  • Child Development

Background:

  • Feeding difficulties, including food packing (holding food in the mouth), can lead to failure to thrive or inadequate weight gain in children.
  • Insufficient caloric intake is a primary concern in pediatric feeding disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between food texture and packing behavior in children with feeding difficulties.
  • To determine if modifying food texture impacts caloric intake and weight gain.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of food texture in relation to consumption.
  • Observation and measurement of packing behavior in three children with feeding issues.
  • Gradual texture modification of foods presented to participants.

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Main Results:

  • Higher gram intake was observed with lower-textured foods compared to higher-textured foods.
  • Food packing levels were inversely related to gram intake: high packing correlated with low intake and high texture, while low packing correlated with high intake and low texture.
  • All participants demonstrated weight gain when food texture was reduced.

Conclusions:

  • Decreasing food texture is an effective strategy to increase caloric intake and promote weight gain in children with feeding difficulties.
  • Food texture modification can reduce packing behavior, potentially addressing avoidance, response effort, or skill deficits.
  • Sustained low packing levels were observed even with gradual increases in food texture post-intervention.