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Related Experiment Videos

Early detection of fetal structural abnormalities.

Boaz Weisz1, Eva Pajkrt, Eric Jauniaux

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College London, WC1E 6HX, London, UK. b.weisz@ucl.ac.uk

Reproductive Biomedicine Online
|May 20, 2005
PubMed
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First-trimester screening detects 44% of fetal anomalies, significantly less than mid-pregnancy scans (74%). While some major anomalies are detectable early, complex conditions like spina bifida and heart defects are better identified later in pregnancy.

Area of Science:

  • Prenatal diagnosis
  • Fetal medicine
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Published data on early fetal anomaly detection primarily comes from specialized centers.
  • Limited information exists on the feasibility and limitations of first-trimester screening compared to mid-gestation screening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the detection rates and limitations of fetal anomaly screening during the first trimester (11-14 weeks).
  • To compare first-trimester screening effectiveness with traditional mid-gestation screening.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published data on fetal anomaly detection rates at 11-14 weeks gestation.
  • Comparison of detection rates between first-trimester and mid-gestation scans.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Overall detection rate for fetal anomalies at 11-14 weeks is 44%, compared to 74% for mid-pregnancy scans.
  • Major anomalies of the fetal head, abdominal wall, urinary tract, umbilical cord, and placenta are reliably detected at 10-11 weeks.
  • Detection of spina bifida, diaphragmatic hernia, and heart defects is limited before 13 weeks.
  • Cardiac examination capability increases from 20% at 11 weeks to 92% at 13 weeks.

Conclusions:

  • First-trimester screening has limitations for detecting certain fetal anomalies, particularly spinal and cardiac defects, in the general population.
  • Screening at 13-14 weeks may improve early prenatal diagnosis of some anomalies compared to earlier first-trimester scans.