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[Malaria in splenectomized patients. Three fatal cases].

J C Petithory1, A Khelil, G Galéazzi

  • 1Département de biologie médicale E. Brumpt, Centre Hospitalier, Gonesse. petithory.parasito@wanadoo.fr

Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|May 21, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Splenectomy increases susceptibility to severe malaria. Plasmodium falciparum malaria is fatal in half of splenectomized patients, necessitating chemoprophylaxis in endemic areas.

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Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Splenectomy (surgical spleen removal) is common in malaria-endemic regions.
  • Post-splenectomy patients face heightened risks of severe bacterial and parasitic infections, including malaria.

Observation:

  • Three fatal cases of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in splenectomized individuals are presented.
  • Spleens were removed due to abdominal trauma (one case) or lymphoma (two cases).
  • Despite intensive intravenous quinine therapy, all three patients succumbed to malaria.

Findings:

  • Plasmodium falciparum malaria is particularly severe in asplenic patients.
  • The mortality rate for malaria in splenectomized individuals is approximately 50%.

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Implications:

  • Splenectomy significantly elevates the risk of fatal malaria.
  • Lifelong malaria chemoprophylaxis is crucial for asplenic individuals residing in or traveling to endemic zones.