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Related Experiment Videos

Drop splashing on a dry smooth surface.

Lei Xu1, Wendy W Zhang, Sidney R Nagel

  • 1The James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|May 21, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Splashing from liquid drop impacts can be prevented by lowering surrounding gas pressure. This effect scales with gas molecular weight and liquid viscosity, suggesting compressible gas effects cause splashing.

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Surface Science
  • Aerosol Science

Background:

  • Liquid drop impacts on surfaces can generate splashes, a phenomenon with implications in various fields like inkjet printing and atmospheric science.
  • Understanding the mechanisms that control splashing is crucial for predicting and controlling droplet behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phenomenon of corona splash during liquid drop impacts on a smooth, dry substrate.
  • To explore the effect of surrounding gas pressure on the occurrence of splashing.
  • To determine the scaling relationships governing the splash threshold.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized high-speed photography to capture the dynamics of liquid drop impacts.
  • Systematically varied the pressure of the surrounding gas.
  • Measured the impact velocity and the threshold pressure for splash occurrence.

Main Results:

  • Observed that splashing can be completely suppressed by decreasing the surrounding gas pressure.
  • Quantified the threshold pressure for splashing as a function of impact velocity.
  • Found that the splash threshold scales with the molecular weight of the surrounding gas and the viscosity of the liquid.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates a novel method to suppress liquid drop impact splashing by controlling gas pressure.
  • Experimental results support a model where compressible gas effects are the primary cause of splashing in liquid-solid impacts.
  • Findings provide a deeper understanding of droplet dynamics and offer potential for controlling splash phenomena.

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