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Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting does not reduce lymphocyte activation
C Blacher1, J Neumann, L A Jung
1Cardiology Disivion, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. blacher@via-rs.net
International Journal of Cardiology
|May 24, 2005
Summary
Off-pump coronary bypass surgery does not reduce lymphocyte activation compared to on-pump surgery. Coronary bypass surgery, regardless of technique, leads to early lymphocyte activation and changes in lymphocyte counts post-operation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Immunology
- Transplantation Immunology
Background:
- Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) is linked to immune system alterations, including inflammatory changes and early lymphocyte activation.
- These immune responses can lead to postoperative lymphopenia and reduced lymphocyte function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To test if off-pump coronary bypass surgery results in less lymphocyte activation than on-pump surgery.
- To examine the dynamics of lymphocyte activation markers during and after different CABG procedures.
Main Methods:
- A randomized study of 28 patients undergoing either off-pump (n=13) or on-pump (n=15) CABG.
- Flow cytometry was used to assess the expression of activation markers (CD25, CD26, CD69, DR) on T (CD3+) and B (CD19+) lymphocytes in peripheral blood.
Main Results:
- Lymphocyte activation responses were similar between off-pump and on-pump CABG groups.
- T lymphocytes decreased post-surgery, reaching lowest levels at 9 hours, while B lymphocytes showed an early reduction followed by an increase on postoperative day 1.
- Early activation of CD69+ on both T and B lymphocytes, and late activation of CD25+ on T cells and DR+ on B cells were observed.
Conclusions:
- Off-pump CABG does not offer an advantage in reducing lymphocyte activation compared to on-pump CABG.
- Coronary bypass surgery itself induces early lymphocyte activation, indicated by increased expression of activation markers.