Preparing for loop ileostomy surgery: women's accounts from a qualitative study

Restorative proctocolectomy has become increasingly the surgical treatment of choice for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis since its inception in 1978 [Parks and Nicholls, 1978. British Medical Journal 2(6130), 85-88]. As Keighley, Grobler and Bain [1993. Gut 34(6), 680-684] point out it not only eradicates disease, it preserves the anal sphincter, so enabling patients to void normally. However, for many patients surgery takes place in stages, with the formation of a loop ileostomy as the first stage. As its use increases, so more nurses (both specialist and general trained) will be involved in providing ongoing care and support both pre and post operatively. Although research is available regarding surgery, ileo-anal pouch formation and function together with possible complications, little is known about the immediate post operative period. This paper reports a study of female patients' accounts of their preparation for, and experiences of such surgery. It was part of a larger study into the quality of life of women following restorative proctocolectomy [Notter, 2002. The Quality of Life of Women Following Restorative Proctocolectomy]. A total of 50 women participated in this study, which used descriptive phenomenology to explore their lived experiences. The surgery proved to be a pivotal period in their lives, with surgery the dream of full recovery had gone. The findings reveal a traumatic time with memories dominated by the issues of pain, the changes to their body and in most cases problems with the loop ileostomy. Most were left with a determination to maintain the pouch at all costs. This study identifies major implications for nurse education and training, regarding all aspects of care during this critical time. Findings show the immense and long lasting impact this type of surgery can have on quality of life.