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Restrictive cardiomyopathy due to primary plasma cell leukemia
S Madhavan1, P K Sasidharan, Udayabhaskaran
1Department of Medicine, Medical College, Calicut.
Summary
Primary plasma cell leukemia, a rare multiple myeloma form, can cause restrictive cardiomyopathy. Chemotherapy relieved the patient's cardiac symptoms, confirming neoplastic infiltration of the heart.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy has diverse causes, including neoplastic infiltration.
- Plasma cell leukemia, a severe form of multiple myeloma, is exceptionally rare, with primary plasma cell leukemia having an incidence of 1 in a million.
Observation:
- A patient presented with clinical signs of restrictive cardiomyopathy.
- Diagnostic workup revealed primary plasma cell leukemia as the underlying cause.
Findings:
- The patient's restrictive physiology improved following chemotherapy.
- This response supports the diagnosis of plasma cell infiltration within the myocardium.
Implications:
- This case highlights a rare presentation of primary plasma cell leukemia.
- It underscores the importance of considering neoplastic causes in restrictive cardiomyopathy.