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Processing of extrafoveal objects during multiple-object naming.

Jane L Morgan1, Antje S Meyer

  • 1School of Social Sciences and Law, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition
|May 25, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Objects are processed before we look at them. Even when an object changes mid-saccade, naming is faster if the new object is related or sounds like the original, suggesting pre-naming access.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Visual Perception
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Understanding the timing of object processing and name access is crucial for models of visual cognition.
  • Previous research suggests some pre-processing occurs before visual fixation, but the extent is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the degree of object processing, including name access, that occurs before visual fixation.
  • To determine if this pre-fixation processing is influenced by object identity or name relationships.

Main Methods:

  • Participants named object pairs/triplets where an initial object (interloper) was replaced by a new object (target) during a saccade.
  • Interloper-target pairs varied: identical, unrelated, or visually/conceptually unrelated with homophonous names.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Measured naming latencies and gaze durations for target objects.

    • Main Results:

    • Naming latencies and gaze durations were significantly shorter for targets that were identical or homophonous to the interloper compared to unrelated objects.
    • This effect persisted regardless of whether participants fixated a central mark or another object before the saccade.

    Conclusions:

    • Objects undergo substantial processing, including accessing their names, even before they are fixated.
    • This pre-fixation processing is influenced by semantic and phonological relationships between objects, suggesting predictive mechanisms in visual object recognition.