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Updated: Aug 17, 2026

Post-Movie Subliminal Measurement (PMSM), for Investigating Implicit Social Bias
Published on: February 29, 2020
The existence and nature of racial bias in supervisory ratings
Joseph M Stauffer1, M Ronald Buckley
1Department of Management and Marketing, Texas A&M University, TX, USA.
Abstract:
The purpose of this article is to facilitate a reconsideration of what the authors consider to be a mistaken belief among personnel psychologists--the belief that supervisory ratings of job performance are not biased on the basis of race. In this article, the authors reviewed the current literature, reexamined the data, and concluded that the research on which this mistaken belief is based clearly demonstrates that racial bias may indeed exist and is significant, both in statistical and practical terms.
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