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Related Experiment Videos

Flow-through chloroquine sensor and its applications in pharmaceutical analysis.

Bahruddin Saad1, Zainiharyati Mohd Zin, Md Sariff Jab

  • 1School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia. bahrud@usm.my

Analytical Sciences : the International Journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry
|May 26, 2005
PubMed
Summary

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New poly (vinyl chloride) membrane electrodes selectively detect the antimalarial drug chloroquine. These sensors are effective in flow-injection analysis for determining chloroquine in various samples, including pharmaceutical formulations.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Selective detection of antimalarial drugs is crucial for therapeutic drug monitoring and quality control.
  • Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane electrodes offer a promising platform for ion-selective sensing applications.
  • Existing methods for chloroquine determination may lack selectivity or require complex sample preparation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize novel PVC membrane electrodes for the selective determination of chloroquine.
  • To integrate these electrodes into a flow-injection analysis (FIA) system for enhanced analytical throughput.
  • To evaluate the sensor's performance in complex matrices, including pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids.

Main Methods:

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  • Fabrication of PVC membrane electrodes incorporating potassium tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate as ion-exchanger and various plasticizers (BEHA, TOP, DOPP).
  • Electrode characterization including Nernstian response, response time, and selectivity against common interfering ions.
  • Integration of the optimized electrode into a flow-injection analysis (FIA) system for automated sample analysis.
  • Validation of the FIA sensor for determining chloroquine in synthetic samples, mock tablets, and biological fluids, assessing selectivity and lifetime.

    • Main Results:

    • The developed PVC membrane electrodes exhibited selective and rapid Nernstian responses towards chloroquine.
    • Minimal interference was observed from alkali and alkaline earth metal ions.
    • The FIA system with the chloroquine sensor demonstrated satisfactory performance in determining the drug in samples containing common excipients and other foreign species.
    • Successful application for determining active ingredients in mock tablets, synthetic fluids, and biological fluids, including dissolution profiling of commercial tablets.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed PVC membrane electrodes are highly selective and sensitive for chloroquine detection.
    • The integration into an FIA system provides an efficient and robust method for chloroquine analysis in diverse matrices.
    • This sensor technology holds significant potential for quality control of antimalarial drugs and therapeutic drug monitoring.