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Cognitive functioning in delusions: a longitudinal analysis.

Emmanuelle Peters¹, Philippa Garety

¹PO77, Henry Wellcome Building, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK. e.peters@iop.kcl.ac.uk

Behaviour Research and Therapy

|May 26, 2005

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Delusional thinking is linked to a stable jump-to-conclusions (JTC) reasoning bias. Depressive attributional styles in some paranoid patients fluctuate with delusion severity.

Area of Science:

Cognitive psychology
Psychopathology
Neuroscience

Background:

Delusions are a core symptom in several psychiatric disorders.
The relationship between delusions and cognitive functioning requires further longitudinal investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the longitudinal relationship between delusions and cognitive functioning.
To compare deluded patients with control groups on specific cognitive tasks over time.

Main Methods:

Compared deluded patients, psychiatric controls, and non-clinical controls on negative priming, a probabilistic judgment task (beads task), and the pragmatic inference task (PIT).
Assessed participants at two time points: during active symptoms and during remission.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

Deluded individuals showed a stable jump-to-conclusions (JTC) reasoning bias, making decisions with limited evidence.
No deficits in cognitive inhibition were observed.
An excessive self-focus was noted in the deluded group on the PIT, but a depressive attributional style was only present in a small subgroup during symptomatic periods.

Conclusions:

The jump-to-conclusions (JTC) bias is a stable cognitive correlate of delusional thinking.
Depressive attributional styles fluctuate with the course of delusions in a subset of patients.