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Norovirus genotypes causing gastroenteritis outbreaks in Finland 1998-2002.
1HUCH Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Virology, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland. leena.maunula@helsinki.fi
Summary
Noroviruses were the primary cause of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks in Finland. Genotype analysis revealed diverse norovirus strains, with shifts in predominant types over time, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Advancements in gene amplification techniques in the 1990s significantly improved enteric virus outbreak investigations.
- Understanding the etiology of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks is crucial for public health interventions.
Observation:
- A 5-year study (1998-2002) investigated 416 viral gastroenteritis outbreaks in Finland.
- Noroviruses were identified as the causative agent in 60.6% of outbreaks.
- Outbreaks occurred across various settings, with hospitals and food service establishments being most affected.
Findings:
- Noroviruses were the predominant cause of viral gastroenteritis outbreaks, accounting for over 60% of cases.
- Multiple norovirus (NV) genotypes circulated, with significant shifts in dominant strains between epidemic seasons.
- Genotype GII strains were more frequent than GI strains, particularly in hospital and nursing home outbreaks.
Implications:
- The study underscores the significant role of noroviruses in Finnish viral gastroenteritis outbreaks.
- Continuous monitoring of norovirus genotypes is essential due to observed genetic diversity and rapid evolution.
- Findings inform public health strategies for preventing and controlling viral gastroenteritis transmission.