Related Experiment Videos
Genotoxicity of phytoestrogens.
H Stopper1, E Schmitt, K Kobras
1Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacherstr. 9, D-97078 Würzburg, Germany. stopper@toxi.uni-wuerzburg.de
Mutation Research
|May 26, 2005
Summary
Phytohormones from plant extracts show genotoxic and apoptotic effects in lab studies. While some are safe, concentrated phytohormones warrant caution due to potential adverse health effects.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Toxicology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Phytohormones in plant extracts are popular 'alternative' medicines, especially for menopausal women seeking alternatives to hormone replacement therapy.
- Adverse health effects of phytoestrogens are often overlooked despite their widespread use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the existing literature on the genotoxicity and apoptotic effects of various phytohormones.
- To assess the safety profile of commonly used phytoestrogens.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of in vitro studies examining the genotoxic and apoptotic impacts of phytohormones.
- Analysis of data on specific compounds including genistein, coumestrol, quercetin, zearalenone, resveratrol, lignans, daidzein, glycetein, anthocyanidins, and fisetin.
Main Results:
- Genotoxic effects were observed in vitro for genistein, coumestrol, quercetin, zearalenone, and resveratrol.
- Lignans, daidzein, glycetein, anthocyanidins, and fisetin showed weak or no in vitro genotoxicity, though some daidzein metabolites were genotoxic.
- Most phytoestrogens demonstrated pro-apoptotic effects in certain cell systems.
Conclusions:
- Concentrated phytohormones require cautious use pending further dose-response and human exposure studies.
- While concentrated forms need care, a normal diet rich in plant foods contributes to cancer prevention.