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Related Experiment Videos

Yellow fever vaccination: how much is enough?

Eduardo Massad1, Francisco Antonio Bezerra Coutinho, Marcelo Nascimento Burattini

  • 1School of Medicine, The University of São Paulo and LIM 01/HCFMUSP, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, São Paulo CEP 01246-903, SP, Brazil. edmassad@usp.br

Vaccine
|May 27, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Yellow fever (YF) vaccination risks, including deaths, necessitate careful consideration. Our study suggests optimal vaccination proportions may be lower than epidemic thresholds, especially for those over 60.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Serious adverse events, including deaths, have been linked to yellow fever (YF) vaccination.
  • Current YF vaccination strategies administer the vaccine to all age groups in affected areas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the optimal proportion of a population to vaccinate against YF to minimize serious adverse events (SAEs) from both natural infection and vaccination.
  • To evaluate the safety of YF vaccination across different age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Mathematical modeling to estimate age-specific risks of YF infection and vaccine-induced SAEs.
  • Analysis of the trade-offs between YF outbreak risk and vaccination-related risks.

Main Results:

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  • The optimal vaccination proportion may be lower than that required to prevent epidemics, or even zero, depending on outbreak risk and age-specific adverse event rates.
  • YF vaccination is not recommended for individuals over 60 years of age due to a higher risk of SAEs.

Conclusions:

  • Public health strategies for YF vaccination should consider age-specific risks and the probability of outbreaks to optimize population safety.
  • A nuanced approach to YF vaccination is needed, potentially involving lower vaccination coverage than previously considered and excluding older adults.