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Related Experiment Videos

Aluminium hydroxide-induced granulomas in pigs.

S Valtulini1, C Macchi, P Ballanti

  • 1DVM, Azienda Agricola Floria,Via Piave, Orzivecchi, Brescia, Italy. serafinovaltu@aliceposta.it

Vaccine
|May 27, 2005
PubMed
Summary

High doses of aluminium hydroxide in pig vaccines caused granulomas in neck muscles. Slaughterhouse findings prompted research, confirming the adjuvant

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Immunology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Slaughterhouse reports revealed a high incidence (64.8%) of neck muscle nodules in pigs vaccinated with aluminium hydroxide adjuvant.
  • These nodules, identified as granulomas, raised concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy in swine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal link between aluminium hydroxide adjuvant in vaccines and the formation of granulomas in pigs.
  • To identify risk factors associated with granuloma development following intramuscular injections.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted an epidemiological study to identify risk factors for granuloma formation.
  • Performed a clinical trial comparing pigs inoculated with vaccine, adjuvant alone, or sterile water.
  • Utilized aseptic inoculation techniques for accurate assessment of vaccine and adjuvant effects.

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Main Results:

  • The epidemiological study implicated the vaccine containing aluminium hydroxide as the cause of granulomas.
  • The clinical trial confirmed that pigs receiving the vaccine or adjuvant alone developed granulomas.
  • Control groups receiving sterile water showed no granuloma formation.

Conclusions:

  • The high concentration of aluminium hydroxide in the vaccine is the primary cause of granuloma development in pig neck muscles.
  • Findings underscore the importance of adjuvant concentration in vaccine-induced tissue reactions.