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Epidemiological study of mumps deafness in Japan

Yoshiyuki Kawashima1, Kazushige Ihara, Mieko Nakamura

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan. kawashima.oto@tmd.ac.jp

Auris, Nasus, Larynx
|May 27, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Mumps outbreaks in Japan correlate with increased cases of mumps deafness. This hearing loss is often severe and permanent, highlighting the urgent need for higher mumps vaccination rates.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Mumps vaccination in Japan is optional, leading to periodic outbreaks.
  • Surveillance data indicates increasing mumps incidence in recent decades.
  • Mumps is a known cause of acquired sensorineural hearing loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between mumps epidemics and mumps-related deafness in Japan.
  • To quantify the incidence of mumps deafness over time.
  • To inform public health policy regarding mumps vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide epidemiological survey was conducted.
  • Data on mumps deafness cases were collected for 1987, 1993, and 2001.
  • Annual case numbers were estimated based on survey findings.

Main Results:

  • Estimated annual mumps deafness cases increased from 300 in 1987 to 650 in 2001.
  • These increases correlated with the overall incidence of mumps during the surveyed years.
  • Most cases presented with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss.

Conclusions:

  • A significant correlation exists between mumps outbreaks and the incidence of mumps deafness.
  • Mumps-induced hearing loss is often irreversible.
  • Improving mumps vaccine coverage is crucial to reduce deafness incidence.

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