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Related Experiment Videos

Plants and animals: a different taste for microbes?

Cyril Zipfel1, Georg Felix

  • 1Botanical Institute, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Centre, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.

Current Opinion in Plant Biology
|June 1, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Plants and animals detect pathogens using pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) recognized by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Despite common strategies in higher eukaryotes, differences in receptors and recognized patterns suggest convergent evolution of innate immunity.

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Area of Science:

  • Innate immunity
  • Molecular biology
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Higher eukaryotes possess innate immune systems for pathogen detection.
  • Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are conserved microbial molecules recognized by host immune systems.
  • Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are key components of the innate immune system that detect PAMPs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying PAMP perception by PRRs.
  • To compare PAMP recognition strategies across different higher eukaryotic organisms.
  • To investigate the evolutionary basis of innate immune system convergence in microbe sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of PRR families and their PAMP targets.
  • Molecular studies on PAMP-PRR interactions.

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  • Phylogenetic analysis of immune genes.

    • Main Results:

    • Advances in understanding the molecular basis of PAMP perception by PRRs.
    • Identification of both conserved and divergent strategies in PAMP recognition among higher eukaryotes.
    • Differences noted in the specific PRRs and PAMPs involved in various species.

    Conclusions:

    • PAMP recognition by PRRs is a fundamental aspect of innate immunity in plants and animals.
    • Convergent evolution has shaped the innate immune systems of higher eukaryotes for microbe sensing.
    • Despite shared principles, distinct molecular mechanisms have evolved for PAMP detection.