Providing the nurse with a guide to tracheostomy care and management

To care for a patient with a tracheostomy requires a clear understanding of each patient's need for the tracheostomy and the type of tube that is required. The impact of a tracheostomy on the respiratory system includes thorough knowledge of respiration, methods of humidification and also suctioning techniques. In addition to this a tracheostomy may impact on swallowing, communication and body image. Appreciation of these effects will guide the nurse and the wider multidisciplinary team in future needs and care. Tracheostomy care and management is more and more necessary in both the intensive care setting and the general ward. It is, therefore, ever more important that trained nurses are equipped with the appropriate skills, knowledge and support to meet the unique needs of each patient safely and competently. This article aims to discuss the indications for a tracheostomy and also the care and management commonly carried out, with the purpose of increasing knowledge and interest of the care of a patient with a tracheostomy.