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Herpes simplex type-2 encephalitis masked by diabetic ketoacidosis
Yusuf Aydin1, Ihsan Ustun, Kutlu Erol
1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Journal of the National Medical Association
|June 2, 2005
Summary
Diabetic ketoacidosis, a severe complication of type-1 diabetes, can mask other serious conditions. This case highlights herpes simplex virus type-2 encephalitis presenting as diabetic ketoacidosis, emphasizing the need for clinical vigilance.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Endocrinology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a critical complication of type-1 diabetes mellitus.
- Infections are the most frequent trigger for DKA, accounting for over 50% of cases.
- DKA management requires careful consideration of potential underlying infections.
Observation:
- A case study involving a young male patient presenting with DKA.
- The patient was diagnosed with herpes simplex virus type-2 encephalitis.
- The encephalitis was initially masked by the symptoms of DKA.
Findings:
- Herpes simplex virus type-2 encephalitis can present insidiously, mimicking DKA.
- DKA may obscure the diagnosis of central nervous system infections.
- Prompt recognition and management of co-existing conditions are crucial.
Implications:
- Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for neurological infections in patients with DKA.
- DKA management protocols should include evaluation for atypical infectious presentations.
- This case underscores the importance of considering non-diabetic emergencies during DKA treatment.