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Dynamic wetting: hydrodynamic or molecular-kinetic?

Srinivas R Ranabothu1, Cassandra Karnezis, Lenore L Dai

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|June 2, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Molecular displacement governs dynamic wetting for simple liquids. For polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oils, current models fail to explain dynamic contact angle behavior across varying viscosities.

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding dynamic wetting is crucial for applications involving fluid-substrate interactions.
  • Existing models for dynamic contact angle prediction have limitations, particularly for complex fluids.
  • The influence of fluid viscosity and molecular interactions on dynamic wetting remains an active research area.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamic wetting behavior of various simple liquids and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oils.
  • To evaluate the adequacy of hydrodynamic, molecular-kinetic, and combined molecular-hydrodynamic models.
  • To analyze the impact of contact speed, fluid-substrate interactions, and viscosity on contact angle hysteresis.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation of dynamic wetting using water, glycerin, formamide, ethylene glycol, and PDMS oils.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Application and comparison of three theoretical models: hydrodynamic, molecular-kinetic, and combined.
  • Analysis of dynamic contact angle and contact angle hysteresis as functions of contact velocity and viscosity.

    • Main Results:

    • Molecular displacement (adsorption/desorption) appears dominant for simple liquids' dynamic wetting.
    • None of the evaluated models adequately explain PDMS oils' dynamic contact angle dependence on velocity.
    • Contact angle hysteresis is significantly influenced by contact speed, fluid-substrate interactions, and viscosity.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides an extensive comparison of dynamic wetting models with experimental data across a wide viscosity range.
    • Simple liquids exhibit wetting behavior primarily driven by molecular displacement.
    • Further model development is needed to accurately describe the dynamic wetting of PDMS oils.