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Hyperdense CT foci in treated AIDS toxoplasmosis encephalitis: MR and pathologic correlation
M P Revel1, F Gray, P Brugieres
1Department of Neuroradiology, Hopital Henri Mondor, Creteil, France.
Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography
|May 1, 1992
Summary
Imaging findings in AIDS patients with treated toxoplasmosis can indicate complications. Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging helps differentiate between hemorrhage and calcification in the brain following central nervous system (CNS) infection.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Radiology
Background:
- Toxoplasmosis is a common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients.
- Central nervous system (CNS) toxoplasmosis can lead to long-term complications.
- Imaging is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring CNS infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the imaging findings of hyperdense lesions on CT in AIDS patients with a history of CNS toxoplasmosis.
- To differentiate between hemorrhage and calcification using Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of five AIDS patients with treated toxoplasmosis.
- Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging were performed.
- Pathological examination was used for correlation.
Main Results:
- Hyperdense lesions on precontrast CT were observed approximately 6 months post-infection.
- Four of five cases showed high signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images.
- Pathological correlation confirmed hemorrhage in two cases and calcification in one case.
Conclusions:
- Post-treatment CNS toxoplasmosis in AIDS patients can manifest as hyperdense lesions on CT.
- MR imaging, particularly T1-weighted sequences, can help distinguish between hemorrhage and calcification.
- Pathological confirmation remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis.