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Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins
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Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins

Published on: January 18, 2019

Contrast nephropathy

Shereif H Rezkalla1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449, USA. rezkalla.shereif@marshfieldclinic.org

Clinical Medicine & Research
|June 3, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Preventing contrast nephropathy, a risk after angiographic procedures, involves hydration and electrolyte correction. Acetylcysteine and theophylline pre-treatment are recommended, while mannitol and diuretics are ineffective for prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Contrast nephropathy increases mortality by up to 30% post-angiography.
  • Risk-benefit assessment is crucial before contrast procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for preventing contrast nephropathy.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of various prophylactic measures.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on contrast nephropathy prevention.
  • Analysis of established and controversial prophylactic treatments.

Main Results:

  • Hydration and electrolyte correction are essential for all patients.
  • Acetylcysteine and theophylline pre-treatment are well-accepted strategies.
  • Mannitol and diuretics show no preventive role; fenoldopam's role is controversial.

Conclusions:

  • Prophylactic hemodialysis may benefit selected patients.
  • Optimizing pre-procedure care is key to mitigating contrast-induced kidney injury.

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