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Error and objectivity: cognitive illusions and qualitative research.

John Paley1

  • 1Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK. john.paley@btinternet.com

Nursing Philosophy : an International Journal for Healthcare Professionals
|June 7, 2005
PubMed
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Cognitive illusions reveal systematic errors in research, prompting a re-evaluation of how to identify and eliminate mistakes in both quantitative and qualitative studies. This research advocates for a

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Epistemology
  • Research Methodology

Background:

  • Cognitive illusions, including visual illusions, are pervasive and systematic, posing challenges for research integrity.
  • The quantitative sciences employ statistical methods to address research errors, but a clear qualitative equivalent is lacking.
  • Skepticism regarding validity and objectivity in qualitative research complicates the identification and elimination of errors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the epistemological implications of cognitive illusions for research error.
  • To investigate the possibility of identifying and eliminating errors in qualitative research.
  • To reconcile the concepts of truth and objectivity with qualitative research practices.

Main Methods:

  • Philosophical argumentation informed by cognitive psychology.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of the 'error question' in the context of research methodology.
  • Critique of positivist and constructivist perspectives on truth and objectivity.

    • Main Results:

    • Cognitive psychology supports the view that the 'error question' is central to research, not a positivist obsession.
    • Truth and objectivity are unavoidable concepts in research, even within qualitative paradigms.
    • A 'minimal realism' is proposed, which does not necessitate commitment to absolute truth or certainty.

    Conclusions:

    • The 'error question' is a valid concern across all research forms, necessitating epistemological consideration.
    • Minimal realism offers a framework for understanding truth and objectivity without succumbing to positivist assumptions.
    • Addressing cognitive illusions enhances the legitimacy and representational capacity of qualitative research.