Elbow flexion reconstruction by Steindler flexorplasty in obstetric brachial plexus palsy

The results of Steindler flexorplasty in nine patients with obstetric brachial plexus palsy are reported. There were 5 girls and 4 boys with a mean age of 6 (range 2-13) years. Selection criteria for the procedure included strong (at least M4) grip strength and wrist and elbow extension, as well as the presence of the "Steindler effect". Pre-operatively, elbow flexion was rated as M0 or M1 in three patients and M2 in the remaining six patients. Intra-operatively, the detached common flexor origin was advanced 5 to 7 cm and fixation was done to the anterior humerus either with direct suture to the periosteum (in younger children) or suturing into a drill hole in the humerus (in older children). Postoperatively, the elbow was immobilized in flexion and supination for 6 weeks. At a mean follow-up of 5 years, the results in eight patients were good with mean active elbow flexion against resistance of 110 degrees and a mean elbow flexion contracture of 35 degrees. The result in the remaining patient was poor (unsuccessful transfer). It is concluded that the results of the Steindler flexorplasty in obstetric brachial plexus palsy patients are good and reliable, provided patient selection is careful.