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Related Experiment Videos

Membrane potential modulates divalent cation entry in rat parotid acini.

L M Mertz1, B J Baum, I S Ambudkar

  • 1Clinical Investigations and Patient Care Branch, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.

The Journal of Membrane Biology
|March 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Membrane potential significantly influences divalent cation entry into parotid acini. Depolarization inhibits calcium and manganese entry, while hyperpolarization enhances it, primarily by affecting the electrochemical gradient.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell physiology
  • Membrane biophysics
  • Ion transport

Background:

  • Parotid acini are crucial for saliva secretion, involving complex intracellular calcium signaling.
  • Muscarinic agonists like carbachol stimulate these cells, triggering calcium release and entry.
  • The role of membrane potential in regulating divalent cation entry in these cells requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of membrane potential on divalent cation (Ca2+ and Mn2+) entry into parotid acini.
  • To determine how membrane potential affects carbachol-stimulated cation entry and internal calcium pool refilling.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, particularly the influence of the electrochemical gradient.

Main Methods:

  • Dispersed parotid acini were utilized to study divalent cation entry.

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  • Membrane potential was manipulated using gramicidin or varying extracellular potassium concentrations.
  • Carbachol stimulation was employed to assess calcium and manganese entry and internal pool dynamics.

    • Main Results:

    • Depolarizing conditions inhibited carbachol-stimulated Ca2+ and Mn2+ entry, while hyperpolarizing conditions enhanced it.
    • Intracellular Ca2+ release was not significantly affected by membrane potential changes.
    • Depolarization inhibited the refilling of the internal calcium pool, an effect overcome by increased extracellular cation concentrations.

    Conclusions:

    • Membrane potential critically modulates divalent cation entry into parotid acini.
    • The observed effects are primarily attributed to alterations in the electrochemical gradient for calcium entry (Em-ECa).
    • These findings provide key insights into the regulation of salivary secretion at the cellular level.