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Structure, distribution and physiological functions of ghrelin in fish
Suraj Unniappan1, Richard E Peter
1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E9.
Summary
Ghrelin, a hormone regulating growth and appetite, is found in fish. This review compares ghrelin
Area of Science:
- Comparative Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
- Physiology
Background:
- Ghrelin is an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor.
- In mammals, ghrelin regulates growth hormone secretion and food intake.
- Ghrelin is primarily produced in the stomach but also found in the brain and other tissues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the structure, distribution, and functions of ghrelin in fish.
- To compare ghrelin in fish with its counterparts in other vertebrates.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on ghrelin in fish.
- Comparative analysis of ghrelin gene and peptide structures.
- Examination of ghrelin expression patterns (mRNA) in fish tissues.
Main Results:
- Ghrelin gene and peptide structures have been identified in several fish species.
- Ghrelin mRNA is predominantly expressed in the gut of fish, similar to mammals.
- Fish ghrelin influences pituitary hormone release and stimulates food intake.
Conclusions:
- Ghrelin plays conserved physiological roles in fish, including growth hormone regulation and appetite stimulation.
- The gut is a major site of ghrelin production in both fish and mammals.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the comparative roles of ghrelin across vertebrates.