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Related Experiment Videos

Measuring automatic retrieval: a comparison of implicit memory, process dissociation, and speeded response

Keith D Horton1, Daryl E Wilson, Jennifer Vonk

  • 1Department of Psychology, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3C5. khorton@wlu.ca

Acta Psychologica
|June 9, 2005
PubMed
Summary

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This study compared methods for measuring automatic retrieval in memory. Results suggest the speeded response procedure may offer more accurate estimates of automatic retrieval than the process dissociation procedure.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Understanding automatic retrieval is crucial for memory research.
  • Existing methods for estimating automatic retrieval yield differing results.
  • Implicit memory tasks are often used to assess automatic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy of automatic retrieval estimates from the stem completion task, process dissociation procedure, and speeded response procedure.
  • To investigate the influence of processing depth and attention on automatic retrieval.
  • To reconcile discrepancies between different memory assessment methods.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the stem completion task as a measure of implicit memory.
  • Employed the process dissociation procedure and speeded response procedure to estimate automatic retrieval.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Manipulated depth of processing and attentional focus during study phases.

    • Main Results:

    • The speeded response procedure revealed a depth of processing effect on automatic retrieval, which diminished when lexical processing was mandated.
    • Full attention at study enhanced automatic retrieval in the speeded response procedure compared to divided attention.
    • Implicit stem completion showed parallel effects, supporting its validity as an automatic retrieval estimator.
    • Process dissociation procedure yielded lower automatic retrieval estimates than the speeded response procedure, particularly when conscious retrieval was high.

    Conclusions:

    • The speeded response procedure appears to provide more robust estimates of automatic retrieval compared to the process dissociation procedure.
    • Implicit stem completion may serve as a reliable indicator of automatic retrieval.
    • Differences in theoretical assumptions and task demands may explain conflicting outcomes between memory assessment methods.