Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion as an Adequate Preconditioning Stimulus to Induce Early Ischemic Tolerance to Focal Cerebral Ischemia
07:46

Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion as an Adequate Preconditioning Stimulus to Induce Early Ischemic Tolerance to Focal Cerebral Ischemia

Published on: May 9, 2013

Chronic total occlusion--a definite state?

G Lamm, J Auer, R Berent

    International Journal of Cardiology
    |June 9, 2005
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection08:22

    Permanent Cerebral Vessel Occlusion via Double Ligature and Transection

    Published on: July 21, 2013

    Complete and Partial Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta for Hemorrhagic Shock06:30

    Complete and Partial Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta for Hemorrhagic Shock

    Published on: May 19, 2022

    Related Concept Videos

    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

    COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
    Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
    Chronic Inflammation
    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

    Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
    Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
    Primary Symptoms of COPD:
    Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

    Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

    Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

    Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...