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Protective effects of erdosteine on rotenone-induced oxidant injury in liver tissue
Alpaslan Terzi1, Mustafa Iraz, Semsettin Sahin
1Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
Abstract:
Rotenone, an insecticide of botanical origin, causes toxicity through inhibition of complex I of the respiratory chain in mitochondria. This study was undertaken to determine whether rotenone-induced liver oxidant injury is prevented by erdosteine, a mucolytic agent showing antioxidant properties. There were four groups of Male Wistar Albino rats: group one was untreated as control; the other groups were treated with erdosteine (50 mg/kg per day, orally), rotenone (2.5 mg/mL once and 1 mL/kg per day for 60 days, i.p.) or rotenone plus erdosteine, respectively. Rotenone treatment without erdosteine increased xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme activity and also increased lipid peroxidation in liver tissue (P < 0.05). The rats treated with rotenone plus erdosteine produced a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation and XO activities in comparison with rotenone group (P < 0.05). Erdosteine treatment with rotenone led to an increase in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in comparison with the rotenone group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in nitric oxide (NO) level between groups. There were negative correlations between CAT activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level (r = -0.934, P < 0.05) with between CAT and SOD activities (r = -0.714, P < 0.05), and a positive correlation between SOD activity and MDA level (r = 0.828, P < 0.05) in rotenone group. In the rotenone plus erdosteine group, there was a negative correlation between XO activity and NO level in liver tissue (r = -0.833, P < 0.05). In the light of these findings, erdosteine may be a protective agent for rotenone-induced liver oxidative injury in rats.
Insights
Erdosteine, an antioxidant agent, protects against rotenone-induced liver injury by reducing oxidative stress. This study shows erdosteine significantly decreases lipid peroxidation and xanthine oxidase activity in rats exposed to rotenone.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Toxicology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Rotenone, a botanical insecticide, induces mitochondrial complex I inhibition and subsequent liver oxidative injury.
- Erdosteine is a mucolytic agent with demonstrated antioxidant properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of erdosteine against rotenone-induced liver oxidative damage in a rat model.
- To assess the impact of erdosteine on key oxidative stress markers in rotenone-treated rats.
Main Methods:
- Male Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups: control, erdosteine-only, rotenone-only, and rotenone plus erdosteine.
- Rotenone was administered intraperitoneally, while erdosteine was given orally for 60 days.
- Liver tissue was analyzed for xanthine oxidase (XO), lipid peroxidation (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and nitric oxide (NO) levels.
Main Results:
- Rotenone treatment significantly increased XO activity and lipid peroxidation (P < 0.05).
- Co-administration of erdosteine with rotenone significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and XO activity (P < 0.05).
- Erdosteine treatment increased CAT and SOD activities in rotenone-exposed rats (P < 0.05), with significant negative correlations observed between CAT and MDA, and CAT and SOD.
Conclusions:
- Erdosteine demonstrates significant protective effects against rotenone-induced liver oxidative injury in rats.
- Erdosteine's antioxidant properties appear to mitigate rotenone's toxic effects by modulating key enzymatic and oxidative stress markers.
- These findings suggest erdosteine's potential as a therapeutic agent for mitigating insecticide-induced hepatotoxicity.
