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Updated: Aug 17, 2026
Evaluation of Oxidative Stress in Biological Samples Using the Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances Assay
Published on: May 12, 2020
Improved malonaldehyde assay using headspace solid-phase microextraction and its application to the measurement of
Kazutoshi Fujioka1, Takayuki Shibamoto
1Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA.
Abstract:
A modified malonaldehyde (MA) assay for antioxidant activity, which involves derivatization and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) was developed and validated. The recovery of MA as 1-methylpyrazole (product of MA and N-methylhydrazine) from a headspace of an aqueous solution containing MA, buffer, surfactant, and cod liver oil using HS-SPME with a PDMS/DVB fiber was 91.3 +/- 3.38%. MA was analyzed by a gas chromatograph with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector, and its detection limit was 0.0103 nmol/mL. The antioxidant activities of natural compounds were determined as the percentage inhibition of MA formed from cod liver oil oxidized by Fenton's reagents in the above aqueous solution. Sesamol inhibited MA formation most (86.1%), followed by eugenol (84.4%), capsaicin (80.7%), ethylvanillin (45.3%), and vanillin (31.6%) at a level of 50 microg/mL. This method did not require any organic solvents and is a simple, fast, and a highly sensitive method for MA determination.
