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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

Clinical epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease

K Kundhal1, C E Lok

  • 1University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. charmaine.lok@uhn.on.ca

Nephron. Clinical Practice
|June 9, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This review examines CVD incidence, risk factors, outcomes, and CKD

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the primary cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
  • Understanding CVD epidemiology in CKD is complex due to historical challenges in defining CKD and measuring renal function.
  • The interplay between renal impairment and cardiovascular disease, whether causal or consequential, remains a significant clinical question.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence on the incidence and prevalence of CVD in patients with chronic renal insufficiency and ESRD.
  • To identify and summarize risk factors associated with CVD in the CKD population.
  • To examine the outcomes for patients with renal failure who also have CVD, and to assess CKD's role as a CVD risk factor.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing epidemiological studies and clinical research.
  • Analysis of data on CVD incidence, prevalence, risk factors, and patient outcomes across all stages of CKD.
  • Evaluation of the literature concerning CKD as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Main Results:

  • Epidemiological data reveal a substantial burden of CVD across all stages of CKD.
  • Specific risk factors for CVD in CKD patients are identified, contributing to poor outcomes.
  • CKD is confirmed as a significant risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions:

  • The high prevalence of CVD in CKD underscores the urgent need for improved screening, diagnostic, and treatment strategies.
  • Further research is required to fully elucidate the complex relationship between kidney function and cardiovascular health.
  • Integrated approaches are necessary to manage cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease.

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