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Lightning-induced intensification of the ionospheric sporadic E layer
1Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, UK. C.J.Davis@rl.ac.uk
Nature
|June 10, 2005
Summary
Thunderstorms significantly intensify the ionospheric sporadic E layer. This lightning-induced effect, observed directly above storms, alters radio wave propagation.
Area of Science:
- Atmospheric Physics
- Ionospheric Science
- Electromagnetism
Background:
- A link between thunderstorms and the ionosphere has been suggested since the 1920s.
- Lightning's interaction with the lower ionosphere is supported by modeling and measurements.
- The ionospheric sporadic E layer's modulation by thunderstorms requires further statistical validation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To statistically analyze the impact of thunderstorms on the mid-latitude sporadic E layer.
- To determine if lightning is the causative agent for observed ionospheric changes.
- To investigate potential mechanisms linking lightning and sporadic E layer enhancements.
Main Methods:
- Statistical analysis of ionospheric data in relation to thunderstorm activity.
- Comparison of ionospheric responses to thunderstorms versus non-lightning weather systems.
- Correlation of sporadic E layer characteristics (density, altitude) with lightning events.
Main Results:
- A statistically significant intensification and altitude decrease of the sporadic E layer directly above thunderstorms was identified.
- No significant ionospheric response was detected for low-pressure systems lacking lightning.
- The localized sporadic E layer enhancement is directly attributable to lightning activity.
Conclusions:
- Lightning demonstrably modulates the mid-latitude sporadic E layer, causing localized intensification and descent.
- The observed ionospheric enhancement is a direct consequence of lightning, not general weather patterns.
- Potential mechanisms include vertically propagating gravity waves or electrical discharge, possibly in combination.
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