Related Experiment Videos
Fetal and perinatal infections. A consecutive study
1Aarhus University Hospital, Kommunehospitalet, Denmark.
Abstract:
118 cases of second trimester abortions, stillbirths, and perinatal deaths together with the placentas and case records were studied histologically and microbiologically to evaluate the incidence of infection and to assess possible correlations to certain clinical parameters. The infection rate was 39.4%, highest in the second trimester abortions (58.2%), where infection was also considered the most frequent cause of death (45.5%), though mostly without maternal signs of infection. 36.6% of cases with histological inflammation exhibited positive culture results. The value of ordinary culture of the placenta and fetus is questionable, at least if not performed immediately after delivery. A significant correlation between infection and vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, ruptured membranes of more than 24 hours duration, and spontaneous labour was found. No protective effect of intact membranes was found.
Insights
Infection is common in second-trimester abortions, stillbirths, and perinatal deaths, often without maternal symptoms. Early detection and prompt sample handling are crucial for accurate diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Perinatal Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Pathology
Background:
- Infection is a significant factor in adverse pregnancy outcomes.
- Understanding the incidence and causes of infection in late pregnancy loss is crucial for improving maternal and infant health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of infection in second-trimester abortions, stillbirths, and perinatal deaths.
- To assess correlations between infection and clinical parameters.
- To evaluate the diagnostic value of placental and fetal cultures.
Main Methods:
- Histological and microbiological examination of 118 cases of second-trimester abortions, stillbirths, and perinatal deaths.
- Correlation analysis with clinical data, including vaginal bleeding, membrane status, and labor type.
Main Results:
- Overall infection rate was 39.4%, highest in second-trimester abortions (58.2%).
- Infection was the leading cause of death in 45.5% of cases, often without maternal signs.
- Significant correlations found between infection and vaginal bleeding, prolonged membrane rupture (>24 hours), and spontaneous labor.
Conclusions:
- Infection is a major contributor to late pregnancy loss, frequently occurring subclinically.
- Timely microbiological sampling is essential for accurate diagnosis.
- Clinical factors like vaginal bleeding and prolonged ruptured membranes are associated with increased infection risk.