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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
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The sensitivity of antibody detection testing using pooled versus unpooled reagent red cells

R W Gutendorf1, K Balakrishnan, D Taylor

  • 1National Paternity Laboratories, Inc., 5698 Springboro Pike, Dayton, OH 45449, USA.

Immunohematology
|January 1, 1991
PubMed

Evaluation of paternity (alleged father, mother, and child) can range from a straightforward resolution to a complex problem that cannot be resolved without family studies. We present a case of disputed paternity in which tests for crossreactive groups (CREcS) and antigen subtypes (splits) within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system could not be used confidently to prove or disprove paternity. Further analysis, red cell enzyme tests, enabled a final verdict and confirmed the current reliability of HLA antisera defining splits.

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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.