Thermal modification of the lax anterior cruciate ligament using radiofrequency: efficacy or catastrophe?

Alchemists dream of using energy to turn base metal to gold. "Shrinkers" use energy to transform laxity to stability. While alchemists search for the mechanism to achieve their goal, shrinkers have thermal energy (heat) and scientific ground for their pursuit. Without doubt, application of heat to collagen using radiofrequency (RF) results in tissue shrinkage. However, with regard to thermal shrinkage of a lax anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or ACL graft, indications and techniques, rehabilitation and outcomes require review. Such is the purpose of this article.