The potential of UK clinical databases in enhancing paediatric medication research

Ian C K Wong1, Macey L Murray

  • 1Centre for Paediatric Pharmacy Research, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, UK. ian.wong@ulsop.ac.uk

Insights

UK clinical databases offer significant potential for medication research, particularly in pediatrics. This article highlights key databases and successful pediatric studies, emphasizing the need for greater research capacity.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Pharmacoepidemiology
  • Health Informatics

Background:

  • Many UK clinical databases are underutilized for research.
  • A Royal College of Paediatrics & Child Health report identified a need for enhanced research capacity in pediatric pharmacology, specifically using clinical databases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present available UK clinical databases for medication research.
  • To provide examples of pediatric studies utilizing these databases.
  • To highlight the research potential of specific databases in pediatric pharmacoepidemiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review and description of key UK clinical databases relevant to medication research.
  • Inclusion of examples of conducted pediatric studies.
  • Discussion of databases including Prescription Pricing Authority, General Practice Research Database, IMS Health databases, and the Yellow Card Scheme.

Main Results:

  • Several UK clinical databases are suitable for medication research.
  • Examples of successful pediatric studies using these databases are provided.
  • Databases like MEMO and Scottish Primary Care Computer System show potential but have smaller populations.

Conclusions:

  • UK clinical databases hold substantial, yet largely unrealized, research potential for medication studies, especially in pediatrics.
  • Further development of research capacity is crucial to leverage these resources effectively.
  • Specific databases offer valuable insights into pediatric pharmacology and pharmacoepidemiology.

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios01:26

Pharmaceutical Poisoning: Potential Scenarios

Pharmaceutical poisoning can occur through various channels, impacting an estimated 2 million hospitalized patients in the U.S. annually with serious adverse drug responses. These scenarios encompass both therapeutic uses, such as drug toxicity, where even standard dosages can lead to severe central nervous system depression, and non-therapeutic exposures, including accidental ingestion by children, and environmental and occupational exposures.Unintentional poisonings often involve exploratory...