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A history of orthotopic heart transplantation
Trip J Meine1, Stuart D Russell
1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27715, USA. meine001@mc.duke.edu
Insights
Orthotopic heart transplantation has evolved significantly, with modern procedures now achieving over 10 years of survival. This review traces the historical development of this life-saving surgery from early concepts to current successes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Transplantation Medicine
- Medical History
Background:
- Orthotopic heart transplantation is a complex surgical procedure involving the replacement of a diseased heart with a donor heart.
- The procedure has a rich history, with early attempts facing significant challenges and skepticism.
- Modern advancements have transformed heart transplantation into a viable treatment option for end-stage heart failure.
Observation:
- The first human orthotopic heart transplant was performed in 1967.
- Initial outcomes were poor, with high mortality rates in the early years post-transplant.
- Over the past four decades, survival rates have dramatically improved.
Findings:
- Orthotopic heart transplantation is now performed at over 150 centers in the U.S.
- The average survival rate for heart transplant recipients exceeds 10 years.
- Continuous innovation in surgical techniques, immunosuppression, and patient care has driven these improvements.
Implications:
- Heart transplantation has become a standard treatment for eligible patients with end-stage heart failure.
- The historical progression highlights the importance of research and perseverance in medical innovation.
- Future research may focus on further improving long-term outcomes and expanding access to transplantation.
Abstract:
Orthotopic human heart transplantation today is performed at more than 150 U.S. centers, and the average survival is more than 10 years. Its prevalence and success, however, belies the fact that just 40 years ago, no one had ever attempted the procedure in humans and that the procedure seemed destined for failure just a year after the first transplant. This article reviews the history of orthotopic heart transplantation, beginning with ancient Greek legends and culminating in modern successes.
