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Related Experiment Videos

Continuous fermentative hydrogen production using a two-phase reactor system with recycle.

Jeremy T Kraemer1, David M Bagley

  • 1Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A4.

Environmental Science & Technology
|June 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Effluent recycle in a two-phase anaerobic system reduced hydrogen production by returning hydrogen-consuming organisms. Membrane filtration may be needed to improve hydrogen productivity in non-sterile wastewaters.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental biotechnology
  • Anaerobic digestion
  • Renewable energy production

Background:

  • Two-phase anaerobic digestion systems are employed for fermentative hydrogen production and subsequent methanogenesis.
  • Effluent recycle is a strategy explored to enhance process stability and efficiency in anaerobic systems.
  • Controlling pH and managing microbial populations are critical for optimizing hydrogen yield.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of effluent recycle on hydrogen productivity in a two-phase anaerobic system.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of effluent recycle in reducing alkalinity requirements for pH control.
  • To develop and apply a more fundamental metric for reporting hydrogen production, termed H2 productivity.

Main Methods:

  • A two-phase anaerobic system was operated with and without effluent recycle (0 and 0.98 recycle ratios).

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  • The hydrogen reactor was run as a chemostat (35°C, pH 5.5, 10h HRT), and the methane reactor as an up-flow reactor (28°C, pH 6.9–7.2).
  • H2 productivity was calculated based on electrons, accounting for both gaseous and dissolved hydrogen, and compared to molar H2 yield.

    • Main Results:

    • Effluent recycle decreased the alkalinity needed for pH control by approximately 40%.
    • H2 productivity significantly dropped from 0.115 g H2 COD/g feed COD without recycle to 0.015 g H2 COD/g feed COD with recycle.
    • Mass balances revealed that electrons were partitioned to methane and less-oxidized soluble compounds during recycle.

    Conclusions:

    • Effluent recycle in non-sterile systems can negatively impact hydrogen productivity by returning hydrogen-consuming microorganisms.
    • Achieving high hydrogen productivity with non-sterile wastewaters presents challenges.
    • Membrane filtration of the recycle stream may be necessary to remove hydrogen-consuming organisms and improve hydrogen yield.