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Related Experiment Videos

Complex cellular responses to reactive oxygen species.

Mark D Temple1, Gabriel G Perrone, Ian W Dawes

  • 1Ramaciotti Centre for Gene Function Analysis and School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia.

Trends in Cell Biology
|June 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Cellular responses to reactive oxygen species (ROS) are complex, with distinct defense mechanisms for each oxidant. Yeast studies reveal that

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Genomics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in various cellular processes and diseases.
  • Studies often use single oxidants like H(2)O(2) to model oxidative stress, which may not be representative.
  • Yeast serves as a model organism for understanding fundamental cellular responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate yeast's genome-wide responses to different reactive oxygen species (ROS).
  • To understand the complexity of cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress.
  • To evaluate the suitability of single oxidants for modeling oxidative stress.

Main Methods:

  • Genome-wide analyses in yeast deletion mutants.
  • Exposure to various reactive oxygen species (ROS).

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  • Transcriptional profiling to assess gene expression changes.

    • Main Results:

    • Many yeast deletion mutants exhibit sensitivity to specific ROS, indicating diverse responses.
    • Cellular resistance involves complex gene regulation (induction/repression) and transcriptome remodeling.
    • Constitutive defense systems are oxidant-specific, while repair systems are inducible and overlapping.
    • Transcriptional response patterns vary with ROS concentration, with potential repression of antioxidant systems at low concentrations.

    Conclusions:

    • No single oxidant adequately represents 'oxidative stress' due to diverse cellular responses.
    • Cellular defense against ROS involves intricate, oxidant-specific and concentration-dependent transcriptional reprogramming.
    • Findings have implications for understanding pathological conditions involving oxidative stress.