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Related Experiment Videos

The no-reflow phenomenon is a post-mortem artifact.

J C de la Torre1, T Fortin, J K Saunders

  • 1Division of Neurosurgery, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ontario, Canada.

Acta Neurochirurgica
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

The "no-reflow phenomenon" in brain ischemia may be an artifact of cardiopulmonary failure. Studies show impaired perfusion is not present when cardiopulmonary function is stable post-ischemia.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Pathology

Background:

  • The no-reflow phenomenon describes impaired blood flow to the brain after ischemia.
  • This phenomenon is often considered a major cause of neuronal damage during reperfusion.
  • Its precise cause and occurrence in relation to cardiopulmonary function require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of the no-reflow phenomenon in a rat model of global brain ischemia.
  • To determine the role of cardiopulmonary function in the development of post-ischemic perfusion defects.
  • To differentiate between true no-reflow and artifacts related to experimental procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were subjected to global brain ischemia of varying durations (8-30 minutes).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Cerebral blood flow, electroencephalogram (EEG), and high-energy phosphates (ATP/PCr) were monitored.
  • Carbon black was used as an intravascular perfusion marker, administered intravenously or intraarterially after thoracotomy.

    • Main Results:

    • Intraarterial carbon black injection in ischemic or control rats revealed perfusion defects and pale tissue areas.
    • Intravenous carbon black injection in all rats, regardless of ischemic status, showed normal cerebrovascular filling.
    • Post-ischemic reperfusion successfully reversed deficits in neuroelectric activity, energy metabolites, and cerebral blood flow in rats with stable cardiopulmonary function.

    Conclusions:

    • The no-reflow phenomenon, characterized by brain intravascular perfusion defects, appears to be an artifact.
    • This artifact is observed specifically in the presence of cardiopulmonary failure during experimental procedures.
    • Stable cardiopulmonary function post-ischemia allows for effective cerebral reperfusion, negating the no-reflow phenomenon.