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Updated: Aug 17, 2026

Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model
Published on: June 23, 2015
Chemokine response to febrile urinary tract infection
Gisela Otto1, Marie Burdick, Robert Strieter
1Division of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. gisela.otto@skane.se
Background:
Mucosal CXC chemokines recruit inflammatory cells to the infected urinary tract. The chemokine response repertoire of the urinary tract and the relationship to disease severity have not been examined, however.
Methods:
This study quantified CXC (CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, and CXCL10) and CC (CCL2, CCL4, and CCL5) chemokines in sequential urine samples obtained from 50 patients with febrile urinary tract infections during 24 hours after diagnosis.
Results:
All patients had elevated chemokine levels, but bacteremic infections caused higher CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL8, and CCL2 responses. CCL2 and CXCL8 levels were higher in patients with acute pyelonephritis symptoms and CCL2, CXCL3, CCL4, CXCL5, and CXCL10 were significantly correlated to C-reactive protein (CRP) and temperature. Women and men showed different chemokine responses.
Conclusion:
Febrile urinary tract infections are accompanied by a complex chemokine response. The response magnitude reflects disease severity, and the repertoire is influenced by gender and underlying disease.
Related Concept Videos
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology
Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

