Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Blood Types02:20

Blood Types

Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...
Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
Rh Blood Group01:19

Rh Blood Group

The Rhesus (Rh) antigen is crucial in determining blood groups and ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions.
Blood Typing01:10

Blood Typing

Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target antigens A,...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The vaginal microbiome in pregnant women: knowledge gaps in relation to clinical relevance.

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology·2020
Same author

Identification of bacteriophages in the vagina of pregnant women: a descriptive study.

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology·2020
Same author

Infant microbiota and antibiotic prophylaxis in caesarean delivery.

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology·2019
Same author

Effects of cervical cerclage on cervical length and the impact of changes in cervical length on pregnancy prognosis.

Ceska gynekologie·2019
Same author

Application of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) as a tool to aid cytogenetics in 1,409 fetal samples.

Clinical and experimental obstetrics & gynecology·2018
Same author

Perinatal outcomes after open fetal surgery for myelomeningocele repair: a retrospective cohort study.

BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols
11:31

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols

Published on: January 2, 2013

Pregnancy outcome for Rh-alloimmunized women.

L M M Nardozza1, L Camano, A F Moron

  • 1Fetal Medicine Sector, Obstetrics Department, São Paulo Federal University-Paulista Medical School (UNIFESP-EPM), Av. Lopes de Azevedo 888, São Paulo, SP 05603-001, Brazil. lunardozza@uol.com.br

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|June 21, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Fetal anemia monitoring in Rh-alloimmunized pregnancies showed Doppler ultrasonography resulted in higher neonatal hematocrit and less need for transfusion compared to amniotic fluid spectrophotometry.

More Related Videos

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
07:51

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

Published on: May 21, 2015

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
13:00

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Published on: July 31, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2026

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols
11:31

Antigens Protected Functional Red Blood Cells By The Membrane Grafting Of Compact Hyperbranched Polyglycerols

Published on: January 2, 2013

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
07:51

Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface

Published on: May 21, 2015

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
13:00

Intranasal Immunization and Milk Collection in Studies of Maternal Immunization in New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Published on: July 31, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal medicine
  • Maternal-fetal medicine
  • Diagnostic imaging

Background:

  • Rh-alloimmunized pregnancies pose risks of fetal anemia.
  • Accurate monitoring is crucial for optimal perinatal outcomes.
  • Traditional methods like amniotic fluid spectrophotometry have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare perinatal outcomes of Rh-alloimmunized pregnancies.
  • Evaluate management using amniotic fluid spectrophotometry versus fetal middle cerebral artery Doppler ultrasonography.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of 291 Rh-negative pregnancies.
  • Group 1: Amniotic fluid spectrophotometry (n=74).
  • Group 2: Doppler ultrasonography (n=25).
  • Group 3: Non-immunized controls (n=192).
  • Analyzed transfusion needs, delivery parameters, birth weight, hematocrit, and mortality.

Main Results:

  • Intrauterine transfusion, birth weight, prematurity, C-section rates, and perinatal mortality were similar between spectrophotometry and Doppler groups.
  • Spectrophotometry group had significantly lower neonatal hematocrit and higher need for neonatal transfusion.
  • Doppler group showed better neonatal hematocrit and reduced need for neonatal transfusion.

Conclusions:

  • Doppler ultrasonography is a superior noninvasive method for monitoring fetal anemia in Rh-alloimmunized pregnancies.
  • Fetuses managed with Doppler velocimetry had improved hematocrit and reduced transfusion requirements.
  • This suggests Doppler ultrasonography is a preferred diagnostic tool for fetal anemia.