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Onchocerciasis: a potential risk factor for glaucoma.

P R Egbert1, D W Jacobson, S Fiadoyor

  • 1Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA. egbert@stanford.edu

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|June 21, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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This study found a significant association between onchocerciasis and glaucoma in Ghana. Eradicating onchocerciasis is crucial for preventing this blinding eye disease.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Onchocerciasis, a microfilarial disease, is a known cause of ocular morbidity and blindness.
  • Previous research on the link between onchocerciasis and glaucoma has yielded inconsistent results.
  • This study aimed to clarify the association between onchocerciasis and glaucoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between onchocerciasis and glaucoma.
  • To determine the prevalence of onchocerciasis in patients with glaucoma compared to those with cataracts.
  • To assess the impact of onchocerciasis on glaucoma development.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional case-control study was conducted at the Bishop John Ackon Christian Eye Centre in Ghana.
  • Subjects included patients undergoing surgery for advanced glaucoma or cataracts.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Onchocerciasis diagnosis was confirmed via skin snip biopsy.

    • Main Results:

    • The prevalence of onchocerciasis was significantly higher in the glaucoma group (10.6%) compared to the cataract group (2.6%).
    • Glaucoma patients were more than four times likely to have onchocerciasis (OR, 4.45).
    • Even after adjusting for age, region, and sex, glaucoma patients had over three times the odds of onchocerciasis (OR, 3.50).

    Conclusions:

    • A positive association exists between subclinical onchocerciasis and glaucoma.
    • These findings underscore the importance of onchocerciasis eradication programs in West Africa to prevent blindness.
    • Onchocerciasis control is vital for reducing the burden of glaucoma.