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Migraine-associated vertigo.

Krister Brantberg1, Natalie Trees, Robert W Baloh

  • 1Department of Audiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica
|June 22, 2005
PubMed
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Migraine patients frequently experience vertigo, even without headaches. Early-onset vertigo in individuals with migraine and normal hearing strongly suggests a migraine-related vestibular disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Migraine is clinically associated with vestibular symptoms like vertigo and dizziness.
  • Diagnostic criteria for migraine-associated vertigo are being developed.
  • Benign recurrent vertigo (BRV) represents a subset of migraine-associated vestibular syndromes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of benign recurrent vertigo in patients with migraine.
  • To explore the relationship between migraine and vestibular symptoms.
  • To challenge the necessity of a temporal link between vertigo and headache for diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Telephone interviews were conducted with 40 patients diagnosed with BRV and migraine.
  • A control group of 40 relatives with similar symptoms was also interviewed.

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  • The International Headache Society criteria for migraine were used.

    • Main Results:

    • A female predominance was observed in patients with BRV and migraine.
    • Vertigo attacks typically lasted minutes to hours, with patients often symptom-free between episodes.
    • Vertigo occurred without headache in approximately 50% of cases, often accompanied by imbalance and nausea.

    Conclusions:

    • A temporal relationship between migraine and vertigo is not essential for defining migrainous vertigo.
    • Early-onset recurrent vertigo in patients with migraine and normal hearing strongly points to migraine as the underlying cause.
    • Migraine should be a primary consideration in diagnosing recurrent vertigo, especially in younger patients with normal hearing.