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Relationship between peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) and chronic Chlamydophila (Chlamydia) pneumoniae

José Gutiérrez1, Juan de Dios Luna, José Linares

  • 1Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Spain. josegf@ugr.es

Thrombosis and Haemostasis
|June 22, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Cp) infection shows a significant association with peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD) in many studies. However, the strength of this link depends heavily on the diagnostic methods used to detect Cp. Further research is needed to confirm the relationship.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Cp) is a bacterium implicated in various human infections.
  • Peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD) is a significant cardiovascular condition.
  • The potential link between Cp infection and PAOD has been investigated through numerous observational studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis of observational case-control studies assessing the association between Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection and PAOD.
  • To evaluate the impact of different diagnostic methodologies on the observed association.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed on the Medline database using keywords related to atherosclerosis and Chlamydophila pneumoniae.
  • Meta-analysis included 43 observational case-control studies published before May 2004.
  • Studies were selected based on criteria for Cp seroprevalence or direct detection in patients versus controls.

Main Results:

  • Significant associations between PAOD and Cp were found using immunohistochemical analysis, nested PCR of arterial biopsies, PCR of non-arterial samples, and other direct detection tests.
  • ELISA and MIF tests detecting high IgG and IgA titers also indicated a positive association.
  • No significant association was observed in simple PCR studies of arterial biopsies, MIF tests for low IgG or IgM, or ELISA for IgM.

Conclusions:

  • The detected association between Chlamydophila pneumoniae and PAOD is contingent upon the specific analytical method employed.
  • Future research should involve robust case-control studies utilizing a combination of direct and indirect detection techniques across multiple sample types to definitively establish the relationship.

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