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Related Experiment Videos

[Retroviral inheritance in man].

François Mallet1, Sarah Prudhomme

  • 1UMR 2714 CNRS-bioMérieux, IFR128 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon cedex 07, France. francois.mallet@ens-lyon.fr

Journal De La Societe De Biologie
|June 23, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Raising AWaRe-ness of Antimicrobial Stewardship Challenges in Pediatric Emergency Care: Results from the PERFORM Study Assessing Consistency and Appropriateness of Antibiotic Prescribing Across Europe.

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Association of Human Endogenous Retrovirus-W (HERV-W) Copies with Pemphigus Vulgaris.

Current molecular medicine·2023

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), comprising 8% of our genome, play dual roles in health and disease. These ancient viral elements influence placental development, immunity, and are implicated in cancers and autoimmune conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Context:

  • The human genome sequencing revealed retroviral-like elements, Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs), constitute ~8% of euchromatin.
  • HERVs exhibit diverse origins, propagation patterns, family organization, and functional domains.
  • Their physiological and pathological roles are increasingly recognized.

Purpose:

  • To describe the structure, origin, and propagation of HERVs.
  • To elucidate the physiological roles of HERVs using the placenta as a model.
  • To explore the pathological implications of HERVs in diseases like cancer.

Summary:

  • HERVs are ancient retroviral sequences integrated into the human genome.
  • The placenta model highlights HERV functions in syncytiotrophoblast formation via ERVWE1 envelope protein.

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  • HERV-K (HML-2) Rec protein is linked to testicular cancer, and HERVs are discussed as potential triggers or markers in various diseases.

    • Impact:

    • HERVs contribute to normal physiological processes, such as placental development and cellular differentiation.
    • Aberrant HERV expression is associated with pathological conditions, including cancer and autoimmune diseases.
    • Understanding HERVs offers insights into species evolution and multifactorial diseases, revealing a dual benefit-hazard nature.