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[IgG-lambda-type multiple myeloma with plasma-cell pericardial effusion and terminal plasma-cell leukemia]
S Klug1, F Höltermann, H Fritsch
1Medizinische Abteilung, Kreiskrankenhaus Weinheim.
Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|June 5, 1992
Summary
A 66-year-old woman with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance progressed to plasma cell leukemia. This rare, aggressive cancer led to multiple organ complications and ultimately, death.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
Background:
- Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a premalignant condition.
- Early detection and monitoring are crucial for patients with MGUS.
Observation:
- A 66-year-old woman with IgG-lambda monoclonal gammopathy and valvular heart disease presented with worsening symptoms.
- Elevated IgG levels, pericardial effusion with plasma cells, and bone pain indicated disease progression.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with Stage IIa multiple myeloma, treated with melphalan and methylprednisolone.
- Despite initial response, the disease progressed to plasma cell leukemia, evidenced by immature plasma cells in peripheral blood and elevated beta-2 microglobulin.
- The patient succumbed to the disease within four months of diagnosis.
Implications:
- This case highlights the potential rapid progression of monoclonal gammopathies to aggressive plasma cell leukemia.
- It underscores the importance of vigilant monitoring and timely intervention in patients with monoclonal gammopathies.
- The case also points to the challenges in managing advanced plasma cell leukemia, even with standard chemotherapy.