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Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System
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Published on: September 20, 2018

Fecal incontinence: a review of prevalence and obstetric risk factors

Andrea Wang1, Marsha Guess, Kathleen Connell

  • 1Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 3332 Rochambeau Ave, 1st Floor Suite C, Bronx, NY 10467, USA. awang@montefiore.org

International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction
|June 24, 2005
PubMed

Anal incontinence (AI) is a significant problem that causes social and hygienic inconvenience. The true prevalence of AI is difficult to estimate due to inconsistencies in research methods, but larger studies suggest a rate of 2-6% for incontinence to stool. There is a significant association between sonographically detected anal sphincter defects and symptoms of AI. The intrapartum factors most consistently associated with a higher risk of AI include: forceps delivery, third or fourth degree tears, and length of the second stage of labor. Fetal weight of > 4,000 g is also associated with AI. Repair of the sphincter can be performed in either an overlapping or an end-to-end fashion, with similar results for both methods. The role of cesarean delivery for the prevention of AI remains unclear, and further study should be devoted to this question.

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